2645字

本文由 简悦 SimpRead 转码, 原文地址 mp.weixin.qq.com

4 月 24 号,韩国总统尹锡悦开始了对美国为期七天的访问。根据韩联社的报道,在 4 月 21 号之后,尹锡悦就推掉了所有的外事活动,为了能在美国国会演讲时全程使用英文,每天背诵英文演讲稿直到深夜,可以说是煞费苦心。

2023 年 4 月 24 日的《经济学人》中就讲到了尹锡悦对美国的访问,文中有一些有趣的表达,和大家分享一下:

South Korea has America in its face and China breathing down its neck.

韩国一方面被美国颐指气使,另一方面又忌惮中国。

这是文章的题目,题目中有两个很有画面感的表达:in one's facebreathe down one's neck.

in one's face,就像有人在你面前指指点点一样,它的意思是 annoying sb by criticizing them or telling them what to do all the time,翻译为 “批评某人,支使某人”,文中 has America in its face 意思是:美国对韩国颐指气使。

breathe down one's neck 的意思是:to watch closely what sb is doing in a way that makes them feel anxious or annoyed “紧盯着某人看,看得某人心里发毛”,想象你的老板在你身后一直盯着你,你的脖子都能感觉到他的呼吸,是不是很忐忑的感觉?

breathe down one’s neck 可以和 watch closely、keep an eye on、monitor 等替换,文中 China breathing down its neck 意思是:中国紧盯着韩国。

这两个短语中都有人身体部位的词语(face, neck),有种拟人化的感觉,十分生动形象地描述了韩国尴尬的处境。

He spoke of the country as a “global pivotal state”, pushing liberal values in developing and developed countries alike. Such rhetoric was unusual in a country that had traditionally considered itself a shrimp trapped between whales.

尹锡悦把韩国称为 “全球关键国家”,推动自由价值观在发展中国家和发达国家的传播。这种说法很不同寻常,因为韩国之前一直把自己视为 “困在两只鲸鱼之间的一个虾米”。

在这句话中,pivotal 的意思是 “至关重要的,核心的”,相当于 key, central, decisive 等词。

a shrimp trapped between whales “困在两只鲸鱼之间的一个虾米”,这个描述非常准确,而尹锡悦却将弹丸之地的韩国视为 global pivotal state,有那雄心没那实力。

《韩非子》中有句话:

国小而不处卑,力少而不畏强,无礼而侮大邻,贪愎而拙交者,可亡也。

我觉得很适合韩国。


It was music to American ears. President Joe Biden has sought to bolster America against China by bigging up its Asian allies.

这对美国来说是个好消息。拜登总统试图通过加强美国的亚洲盟友关系来遏制中国。

be music to one's ears 是一个习语,意思是 “听起来令人愉悦、令人满意”,可以替换我们常说的 be good news。这个短语可以用在作文中,比如关于 “就业” 话题,我们可以说:

For job seekers, getting an offer from their dream company is music to their ears.

对求职者来说,得到梦寐以求的公司的录用通知是一个好消息。

big up 是一个非常直观的表达,动词词组,表示 to praise or recommend sb/sth strongly “高度赞扬;极力推荐”,可以和 praise, hype, recommend 替换。看个例句:

He’s been bigging up our Wechat official account.

他一直极力推荐我们的公众号。

Preventing a re-run of that conflict, in which more than 140,000 South Korean and almost 37,000 American troops died, remains the pre-eminent bilateral concern. America’s 28,500 troops on the peninsula (notwithstanding Donald Trump’s threats to withdraw them) are a testament to it.

防止朝鲜战争重演(在这场战争中,14 万韩国士兵和将近 3.7 万美国士兵死亡)成为韩美两国最重要的双边关切。美国在朝鲜半岛上驻兵 28500 人(尽管特朗普威胁要撤回驻兵)就是一个证明。

pre-eminent 表示 more important, more successful “重要的、卓越的”,可以和 supreme, outstanding, dominant, leading 等词替换。文中 pre-eminent bilateral concern 意思是:重要的双边关切。

be a testament to 是一个很好用的表达,意思是 “是… 的证明”,其中 to 是介词,后面加名词或动名词,这个短语可以替换 be an example of...,写作中可以用来举例子,增强文章的说服力,比如,在关于 “创新、创造” 话题的写作中,我们可以说:

The success of many entrepreneurs in the tech industry is a testament to the power of innovation and creativity.

科技行业许多企业家的成功证明了创新和创造力的力量。

再比如谈到 “教育公平”,我们可以说:

The high enrollment rate of students from rural areas in top universities is a testament to the government’s efforts to improve educational equality.

农村学生在顶尖大学的高录取率,证明了政府改善教育平等的努力。

Yet the two countries’ ties have thickened over the decades.

然而,几十年来美韩两国的关系却不断加强。

thicken 除了 “变厚” 的意思,还可以和 tie, relation 等词搭配,表示“加强关系”, 常出现在外交、政治领域中。在这里 thicken 可以用 strengthen, deepen, enhance 等词替换,thicken the ties 也可以用 build closer ties 表示。

His administration even defended America / after leaked documents revealed that / it had been spying on the South Korean government. Kim Tae-hyo, the deputy national-security adviser, at first claimed that / the documents were forged. He subsequently acknowledged the snooping, but insisted / it had been conducted without “malicious intent”.

泄露文件显示,美国一直对韩国政府进行监听,而尹锡悦政府甚至为美国政府进行辩护。国安副助理金泰孝起初称这些文件是伪造的,后来也承认了监听,但坚称美国没有 “恶意”。

第一句中的 even 值得品味一下,韩国在这事上也能维护美国,连《经济学人》都感到意外。这就像你挨了一巴掌,别人替你打抱不平,你捂着脸说:他没打我,有人造谣,他不是恶意的!

来看语言点,这段话中有一组同义替换:spyingsnooping,都表示 “监听”。

forge 在这里是 to make an illegal copy of sth in order to cheat people “伪造”,比如很多同学小时候都模仿过父母的签名,可以说:

I’m getting good at forging his mother’s signature. 

我把母亲的签名伪造得越来越维妙维肖了。

It has also been far more loth than some other American allies to distance itself from China.

相比其他美国盟友,韩国很不愿意疏远中国。

中国是韩国最大的贸易伙伴,比日美加起来还要大,而且中国占了韩国半导体出口的 40%,所以韩国也不敢得罪中国。

far more 后面加形容词表示强调,可以翻译成 “很、非常”。

loth 指 “不情愿的、勉强的”,常见的搭配有 be loth to do sth 不情愿做某事,可以用 hesitant、reluctant、unwilling 等词语替换。

这句话中还有个名词动用:distance from.

distance 常作名词,表示 “距离”,这里作动词,和 from 搭配,表示 “和… 疏远”,同义替换有 keep away from、keep a distance from、keep apart from 等。

distance from 可以用在写作中,比如关于 “数字技术”“网络安全” 的话题,我们可以说:

Cybersecurity has become a major concern for many countries, as the world becomes more dependent on digital technologies. While some countries, such as China, are investing heavily in cybersecurity measures, others are loth to distance themselves from spying and snooping on foreign governments.

随着世界越来越依赖数字技术,网络安全已成为许多国家的重大关切。一些国家(如中国)在积极投资网络安全措施,而另一些国家却不愿摆脱对外国政府的监控。

我们可以从例句中提炼出一组句型,用到自己的作文中:

XX has become a major concern for many countries, as the world… While some countries…, others…

再比如,关于 “文化多样性”,我们可以说:

In the age of globalization, cultural diversity is both celebrated and challenged. Some people argue that cultural assimilation is necessary for social harmony, while others advocate for preserving cultural differences. 

Some governments, such as America, have been seeking to ban TikTok - a social media platform for popular culture - and loth to distance themselves from their rising populism.

在全球化的时代,文化多样性既被歌颂又受到挑战。有人认为文化同化对社会和谐十分必要,而另一些人则主张保存文化差异。一些政府,比如美国,一直设法打击 TikTok(大众文化的社交媒体平台),不愿远离不断崛起的民粹主义。

我们也可以从例句中提炼出一组写作句型:

In the age of..., XX is both celebrated and challenged. Some people argue that..., while others advocate for...

这个句型可用来描述人们对某个事物的不同看法。

原文中有一些敏感信息,所以我们不分享了,感谢阅读!